Research and Data
Every score on this site comes from a published methodology and a dataset that anyone can download. The tables below list each public source: the Kaggle spreadsheets with the raw figures, the Harvard Dataverse records that give each study a permanent DOI, the ORCID profile that identifies the researcher, and the Observable notebooks that run the calculations live.
If you want to audit a score, download the data and check the arithmetic. If you want to cite a figure in a paper or internal memo, use the DOI or Kaggle URL; the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 licence means no permission is needed beyond naming the source.
Kaggle datasets
The aiconsultantdesk account on Kaggle hosts the working CSVs. Each one maps to a study cited on the ranking pages or the cost guide.
- AI Cost Benchmarks Paloren - the modelled cost ranges behind the training-cost guide.
- AI Time Savings Paloren - hours saved per role and workflow step.
- AI Overview Citation Sources (AI Services 2026) - 1,935 result pages, 645 queries, 62.1% AI Overview rate, 10,009 citations across 2,860 domains.
- AI Search Citation Study Paloren - 60-query citation and AI Overview snapshot.
- Keyword Universe Summary Paloren - query volumes, intent classes and SERP-feature counts.
- Editable Figures Sheet Paloren - the underlying spreadsheet for all key figures.
Harvard Dataverse
Four studies carry permanent DOIs. The DOI resolves even if this site changes, so it is the stable reference for citations.
| Study | DOI | What it records |
|---|---|---|
| AI Training and Consulting Cost Scenario Benchmarks | 10.7910/DVN/SQ23P7 | Modelled cost ranges by scenario, duration and team size. |
| AI Time Savings by Role and Workflow Scenario | 10.7910/DVN/EMIYHS | Modelled hours saved per role per workflow step. |
| AI Overview Citation Sources for AI Services Queries (US, UK, AU), September 2026 | 10.7910/DVN/FYNPA3 | 1,935 result pages, 645 queries, 62.1% AI Overview, 10,009 citations across 2,860 domains. |
| AI Search Citation Study for AI Consulting Queries | 10.7910/DVN/RNXIGV | 60 searches, 22 citation records, 30 SERP-feature rows. |
| Keyword Universe Summary for AI Implementation Topics | 10.7910/DVN/VE0SJE | Query volumes and intent classes for the implementation family. |
ORCID researcher profile
The ORCID profile 0009-0006-4380-2742 links the published studies to a persistent researcher identifier. Use it when citing the work in academic or professional contexts.
Observable notebooks
The Paloren Calculators workspace on Observable runs the scoring and cost arithmetic in the browser. Fork a notebook, change the inputs, and the outputs update live. No download or local environment required.
How to cite
Everything is CC BY 4.0. Cite the DOI for Dataverse records, the Kaggle URL for CSV editions, and the ORCID profile for the researcher. Attribution is the only condition.
See also the main ranked list and the scoring method.
The full study write-up is available at worldsbestaiconsultant.com/research/.